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Genetic Diversity of Orchids for Sustainable Floriculture: A Narrative Literature Review

Latifa Nuraini(1), Suci Wulandari(2), Kurnia Dwi Ardiyant(3), Agil Faiqotul Iqbalia(4),


(1) National Research and Innovation Agency
(2) National Research and Innovation Agency
(3) University of Jember
(4) University of Jember
Corresponding Author

Abstract


Orchids represent one of the most diverse and economically important groups of ornamental plants, with thousands of species cultivated worldwide. Their aesthetic appeal, coupled with unique genetic variation, makes them central to the floriculture industry. This study applies a Narrative Literature Review (NLR) approach to explore the genetic diversity of orchids, particularly in Indonesia, which is recognized as a center of orchid megadiversity. Literature was collected from databases such as Scopus, Lens, and Publish or Perish, focusing on genetic research relevant to ornamental development. Findings highlight the role of genes such as POH1, MADS-box, and MYB in regulating bud development, floral morphogenesis, pigmentation, and somatic embryogenesis. Advanced techniques, including CRISPR/Cas9, polyploidization, and RNA interference, enhance breeding programs and support the creation of novel hybrids with improved traits. The review concludes that orchid genetic diversity offers vast potential for sustainable floriculture, conservation, and economic growth in the global ornamental plant industry.

Keywords


Orchid; Floriculture; Genetic diversity

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